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A Judo referee raising one arm above the head to signal ippon between two competitors

Ippon

Ippon is Judo’s full score: it ends a contest when awarded for a qualifying throw, hold, submission, or combined scores under current rules.

Two judoka in a training camp completing a controlled throw on the mat

Uchikomi

Uchikomi is repeated Judo entry practice used to refine positioning, coordination, rhythm, and technique before or alongside completed throwing practice.

A practitioner on a mat demonstrating the final position of a backward Judo breakfall

Ukemi

Ukemi are Judo’s receiving and breakfall skills, used to manage impact, protect the head, and make progressive throwing practice possible.

Two judoka performing a paired kata on a competition mat before judges

Kata in Judo

Kata in Judo are codified forms through which partners study technical principles, formal roles, safety, history, and applications beyond free practice.

Two judoka in white judogi practising randori on a training mat

Randori

Randori is Judo’s adaptable free-practice method, where partners test timing, technique, movement, and response without treating practice as a formal contest.