Gyōji
Gyōji are sumo’s referees, combining the direction of bouts with ranked professional duties, ceremonial work and the written administration of tournaments.
Refereeing
Tate-gyōji
Tate-gyōji are the highest-ranking referees in professional sumo, associated with the inherited names Kimura Shōnosuke and Shikimori Inosuke.
Gunbai
A gunbai is a rigid command fan; in sumo it is the referee’s signalling implement and can also be a decorated, inherited professional object.
Ippon
Ippon is Judo’s full score: it ends a contest when awarded for a qualifying throw, hold, submission, or combined scores under current rules.